what are the advantages of coastal development

Population estimates for coastal watersheds could provide useful information for coastal managers, especially if the data describe population dynamics on a larger scale. Large boulders or rocks piled up on a beach in front of a cliff or sea wall. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Mangroves and Estuaries (2000), accessed online at http://atlas.aaas.org/index.php?part=2&sec=eco&sub=mangroves, on Aug. 15, 2003. They are designed to prevent longshore movement of sediment and encourage deposition, creating a broader and higher beach. However, as coastal development increases such as buildings, roads, parking lots, and flood-prevention infrastructure like levees and seawalls the paths wetlands could take for inland migration may become blocked. NOAA Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment (ORCA), ORCAs Coastal Assessment Framework, accessed online at http://spo.nos.noaa.gov/projects/caf/caf.html, on June 30, 2003. December 2022 - You are accessing an archived version of our website. They reflect wave energy rather than absorb it, are intrusive and unnatural and are very expensive to build and maintain, 300010,000. PRBs work with Save the Children in the Philippines, highlighted in this brief, has been supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Philomene A. Verlaan, The Importance of Coastal Management to Human Health, in, World Bank Group, Sewage Disposal Project Transforming Urban Environment and Improving Quality of Life in Mumbai, India (1999), accessed online at http:// lnweb18.worldbank.org/sar/sa.nsf/, FAO, Coastal Zone Management and Equality Between Women and Men (1998), accessed online at www.fao.org/sd/epdirect/. In addition, reducing erosion in one area of the coastline may exacerbate erosion elsewhere. Fishing or harvesting, the destruction of mangroves, and pollution and sedimentation from human activities all can affect the coastal environment. Soft engineering uses ecological principles and practices, which have less of a negative impact on the natural environment. However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. of the users don't pass the Coastal Management quiz! More than 100 countries many of them small islands rely on the resources that coral reefs provide.1But coral reefs are increasingly threatened by human activity, particularly in developing countries. Sadly, the most vulnerable people and coastlines are the losers in less developed countries as they have no way of claiming compensation or there is no coastal management approach in place. Social and Environmental Dimensions of Health. Although urban areas occupy only a small proportion of the catchment (less than 0.01 per cent), much of the development is located on floodplains and within the coastal zone. 'Vd`r$# Beach nourishment artificially replacing the sediment on the beach. Coastal areas worldwide are major destinations for tourism, which represents the fastest growing sector of the global economy.15 Tourism dominates the economy of some regions and small island states; for example, tourism constitutes 95 percent of the economy of the Maldives and is the countrys only source of hard currency.16 Tourism can offer some environmental benefits, such as greater appreciation of the value of natural resources. If you do not receive a verification e-mail, check your spam folder. The problem is particularly acute in developing countries. Coastal resource managers will now have the information outlined in this study as an additional tool to help them develop conservation strategies that will enable these wetlands to better adapt to future change. But the combined effects of booming population growth and economic and technological development are threatening the ecosystems that provide these economic benefits. Oceans, seas and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the Earths ecosystem and are critical to sustainable development. What does this mean? Failure to do so can have a severe economic and social impact, especially along coastlines used for tourism and industry. Sea walls are a physical barrier against erosion. WebCoastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the environment from erosion and flooding. It usually means allowing erosion and cliff retreat to continue. They break up and dissipate wave energy. Natural eroded material encourages the development of beaches and salt marshes. Soft engineering is a more sustainable management strategy than hard engineering because it has a lower environmental impact and economic cost. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion. They also interfere with longshore drift to such an extent that beaches further down the coast are starved of the sediment they need, leading to increased erosion. Thank you for your website feedback! In the study, which was conducted from 2012 - 2015, the authors considered the potential for landward movement of coastal wetlands under different sea-level rise scenarios. Before any management strategy is adopted, a Cost-Benefit analysis is done. In fact, 14 of the worlds 17 largest cities are located along coasts. In addition, two-fifths of cities with populations of 1 million to 10 million people are located near coastlines.11 The urbanization of coasts brings with it coastal development (including demands for fresh water and sewage treatment) and damage to coastal ecosystems. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. :LwND`8N%*!kCg)?.kv FI:91)Q2a0MZhALq%!"A=#q13M*hSw P[7o*@5 LcH~QZ5V3',+xz[i~O;r]0:#jyud? (V chng A Ph T Hoi) Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. Vegetation is planted as their roots help to stabilize the cliff structure and increase cohesion, consequently, the cliff will be more stable and less prone to cliff material slumping or sliding off. 2 - Groynes at Mundesley in Norfolk, UK. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Include Population Data in Baseline Studies on Coastal and Marine Resources. This is where all stakeholders have a say in any policy decisions. The Third International Conference on Small Island Developing States was held from 1 to 4 September 2014 in Apia, Samoa. Its becoming increasingly crucial for governments and individual councils to manage coastlines to protect them from coastal erosion and flooding due to changing sea levels. The study indicates that three counties in Florida and six parishes in Louisiana (Collier, Monroe, and Miami-Dade counties in Florida; Assumption, Cameron, Lafourche, Terrebonne, St. Mary and Vermilion parishes in Louisiana) account for the majority of the total area available for landward migration. Excess sediments washed to coastal waters can smother eelgrass beds and other habitats, and can also reduce water quality. In addition, the sediment used is usually dredged from offshore, so care needs to be taken not to impact the wider coastal sediment cells. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. Changes in the size, composition, and distribution of human populations affect coastal regions by changing land use and land cover. Coastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the environment from erosion and flooding. However, its also important to recognize that migration will occur at the expense of adjacent upriver and upslope ecosystems.. Barriers also exist in leveed areas, concentrated in South Florida near the Everglades, in south Louisiana, and in eastern Texas. Finally, people from local communities worked with PESCO-DEV to construct three-dimensional maps of their areas to highlight current land-use patterns and environmental resources. Chipola River Paddling Trail | The Ovens and Kayaking Bald Point | Adventure on a Living Wacissa Springs Adventure | Kayaking a Wild Florida A Geologists View of the Apalachicola River | Upper Chipola River Kayak Adventure | Ghosts & Tates Hell & the Apalachicola River Delta | Kayak Scouting Mission on the Ochlockonee Water Trail, Merritts Mill Pond | Kayaking and Spring Caves. var D=new Date(),d=document,b='body',ce='createElement',ac='appendChild',st='style',ds='display',n='none',gi='getElementById',lp=d.location.protocol,wp=lp.indexOf('http')==0?lp:'https:'; This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. However, it inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups. Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. An official website of the United States government. Landscaping your coastal property provides a range of benefits. They are cost-effective compared to other techniques. Managing population pressures in coastal zones is difficult because those regions encompass many physical, social, and regulatory divisions. These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. Definition. This website is no longer The idea is to reduce the slope of the cliff and revegetate the cliff top. Prevents cliff erosion as it absorbs wave energy. Native plants (i.e., those that originally grew in this area) are adapted to local conditions, and consequently require less maintenance, watering, fertilizer, and pest control than introduced species. A technical and scientific overview regarding satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB)—one of the most promising and relatively cheap methods of shallow water depth determination—is presented. Historically, these wetlands have been able to adjust to small fluctuations in sea level through natural processes that can increase their elevation in their current area. Integrated management of the marine environment and its natural resources requires greater emphasis on acquiring, analyzing, and using environmental data from a variety of disciplines. To achieve this, the following are taken into consideration: This takes place before any coastal management takes place. Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM), Tips for Planting, Installation, and Maintenance, Evaluation of Non-Native Plant Species for Invasiveness in Massachusetts, StormSmart Properties - Reducing Erosion and Storm Damage. These challenges are particularly acute for island countries, where coasts often comprise the entire territory.6 Such countries may also be threatened by rising sea levels, a possible consequence of climate change. And if you do protect them, you can even increase the value of the surrounding areas for instance, a study by researchers at North Carolina State University found that homes in urban areas that were within 1/2 a mile to a wildlife refuge were worth 7-9% more than homes away from these wilderness areas. Data can then be applied with simple participatory tools to quickly assess coastal and marine resources and identify critical threats, such as the extent of fishing and any destructive fishing practices (see Box 2). The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. Dunes are a barrier to beach access and creating new dunes results in a land loss. Aside from the more tangible benefits of these ecosystems, mangroves offer value that is much less easily quantified, in the form of aesthetics, culture, spirituality, and recreation. H'@)%!E. I love the coast, and I especially love living along the coast. Thanks are due to Lori Ashford, Patricia Biermayr-Jenzano, Roger-Mark De Souza, John Williams, and Nancy Yinger, PRB; Pam Rubinoff and Elin Torell, the Coastal Resources Center of the University of Rhode Islands School of Oceanography; Don Hinrichsen, author and UN consultant; Marea Hatziolos, the World Bank; Alfred Nakatsuma and Tom Gardiner-Outlaw, U.S. Agency for International Development; Richard Langton, Buccoo Reef Trust; Naida Pasion, Save the Children/Philippines; and Salif Diop, Patrick Mmayi, and Philippe Rekacewicz of the United Nations Environment Programme. Dredging may affect the local coastal habitats. And what can we do to ensure that there are more pros than cons? WebPopulation growth in coastal areas is increasing the demand for infrastructure and services such as roads, water, sewerage and power. Low cost. Trees, shrubs, and smaller plants have root systems that structurally reinforce and bind soils, reducing their susceptibility to erosion from wind or rain. Fig. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. Hard engineering involves building artificial structures that aim to prevent erosion. The reef is also threatened by inadequate treatment of sewage in the surrounding area. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. As coastal development along the Gulf Coastcontinuesto expand, tidal saline wetlands could have difficulty adjusting to rising sea levels. Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Protection (GESAMP), Jason Bremner and Jaime Perez, A Case Study of Human Migration and the Sea Cucumber Crisis in the Galapagos Islands,, John Tibbetts, Coastal Cities: Living on the Edge,. 1875 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. They can also act as flood barriers. Top-requested sites to log in to services provided by the state. WebDevelopment activities can have significant impacts on the processes and ecological values of coastal areas including beaches, dunes and foreshores. These are holistic strategies; it is recognised that all the different sections of the coastline are interlinked and function together as a whole. Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. Florida Native Milkweed | Tips for Growing Your Monarch Friendly Garden, Mistletoe | A Parasite for the Holidays (But Maybe We Like it Anyway? It was when the concept of the ICZM was born. Regulating development in Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. If you would like to continue helping us improve Mass.gov, join our user panel to test new features for the site. First, the project conducted an environmental site assessment to obtain data on coastal environmental conditions, resource management practices, population dynamics, and community attitudes toward both population and environmental issues. For example, women in coastal areas may have unmet need for family planning that is, they may want to limit or space their future births but may not be using contraceptives.35 Helping women reach their family planning goals can protect the environment by limiting population growth, but addressing family planning needs must be coordinated with several sectors, particularly the health sector. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a revetment? e\-_=\^d8N3DS#hotpF}ZU`qfdn_PQY1 PBl2-$4.QzqojWF0[}V;e4a7yeo#s@\7W*dLOGp}fPM^Vf]6 p$,0@`.>G@ The advantages are that they are relatively inexpensive to build, 500 3000. There are two types of coastal management, hard engineering, which involves building structures to protect the coast. WebCoastal development is described as changes that are caused by human activities which alter the condition and the landscape of the coastline. Slanted structures made from concrete, wood or rocks along a cliff. Also known as the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is the international agreement resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), held between 1973 and 1982. What does Participatory Planning mean in relation to a coastal zone? Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Of all the hard engineering approaches, groynes are the most problematic as sediment builds up behind them on the uplift side, extending the beach seaward. The idea is to make the beach larger to dissipate the wave energy, thereby reducing wave erosion. Monitor and Assess Human Impacts on the Marine Environment. Coastal landscaping can help keep your bay or harbor clean. The situation is similar in rural Honduras, where women earn about half of what men do.29, Being less visible in their work, women are also less likely to have access to decisionmakers or to be consulted about the management of natural resources. Tourism, fishing, and aquaculture are industries with major economic influences on coastal ecosystems. Integrating Population, Health, and Environment Interventions in the Philippines: The People and Environment Coexistence Development Project. Requires maintenance and can be expensive. Maintaining a healthy coastal habitat is critical because most of the worlds fish produce their young inshore and feed on organisms in coastal waters. There is one obvious benefit: exposure and awareness. The income generated from coastal tourism contributes to local GDP and further economic stability. Humans come to these areas to find havens of peace and leisure. These wetlands provide positive benefits for nature and society by serving as habitats for fish and wildlife, improving water quality, lessening flooding impacts, supporting coastal food webs, protecting coastlines, as well as providing recreational opportunities. In particular, the Therefore, coastal management must be sustainable. Second, staff used geographic information system maps to compare data on population and land use for the past 50 years. Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). For a CBA, the expected benefits must outweigh the costs for a project to go ahead. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the official website. The disadvantages are that the ongoing costs are high as the sediment needs replacing every few years as waves remove it. In a growing number of countries, coastal zone managers are adopting integrated, multidisciplinary approaches to resource management that incorporate the perspectives of all stakeholders, including governments, the private sector, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and individuals. The therefore, coastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the potential for landslides collapse! Landscaping your coastal property provides a range of benefits Louisiana, and environment Coexistence Project... 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