government regulation definition

Regulation The set of rules and legislation governing certain actions. Encyclopedia.com. Sociologists often distinguish between economic and social regulation. In addition, this ideological diffusion helps explain why governments across the advanced capitalist world adopt similar reform rhetorics. In the 1970s, a substantially worsening economy altered the balance of class forces and changed the political situation confronting the state. Scharpf, Fritz 1997a "Economic Integration, Democracy and the Welfare State." Vogel's (1996) framework fundamentally reorients scholars to distinguish concepts of deregulation and reregulation and to approach both in terms of an overarching perspective that considers regulation, deregulation, and reregulation as part of the broader study of regulatory change. Because the regulation of business has to be justified constantly within highly market-oriented cultures like the United States, administering market-constraining regulation itself becomes morally ambivalent and contributes to less aggressive enforcement. government regulation noun [ C or U ] GOVERNMENT, LAW uk us a law that controls the way that a business can operate, or all of these laws considered together: Voters want some government regulation to prevent these financial disasters from happening. These costs and benefits are a function of the distribution of economic interests across districts and the political-institutional rules of the game. For example, over time, FTC enforcement has alternated between favoring big or small business and core or peripheral economic regions of the United States (Stryker 1990). The ideas, or regime orientation, involve "state actors' beliefs about the proper scope, goals and methods of government intervention in the economy and about how this intervention affects economic performance" (Vogel 1996, p. 20). They give us peace of mind as employees, that our employer's practices will be fair and that public spaces will be clean and meet the necessary standards. This is a tall order, but the seeds have been planted in scholarship like that of Vogel (1996), which is equally sensitive to economic and organizational interests and resources, to political structures and rules, and to regulatory cultures (see also the empirically informed analytic frameworks offered in, e.g., Scharpf 1997b; Stryker 1996). While self-regulation may sound a lot like self-control, the two are defined differently. (only as to the portions pertaining to the regulation of radioactive materials) ( collectively, the "RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS REGULATORY PORTION ") insofar as such matters constitute matters of United States federal, state or local law or legal conclusions thereunder are accurate and correct in all material respects Streeck, Wolfgang 1995 "From Market Making to State Building? How to pronounce government regulation? Yet another insight from empirical studies is that regulatory implementation is influenced by internal agency politics as well as by the agency's external environment. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press. Finally, governments do face a common politics of economic slowdown, in which they find that "the growth in demand for government services outpaces the growth of government resources for meeting this demand (Vogel 1996, p. 40). Cross-national, comparative studies of government regulation complement a large literature focused on the United States. In this predominantly European tradition, modes of regulation are broad political-economic and cultural governance forms. Deregulation is most precisely conceptualized as reduction in the level of government regulation. The Administrative Procedure Act of 1946, 5 U.S.C.A. Feedback and political learning can help account for deregulation as well as for regulation (see Majone 1994). For example, Melnick (1983) shows how the narrow, highly structured, reactive, and adversarial legal processes through which pollution control takes place in the United States have led to court decisions that simultaneously extend the scope of EPA programs and lessen agency resources for achieving pollution control goals. All are theories of "interest." Regulatory capture results when the costs of regulation fall upon a concentrated group (e.g., a particular industry such as railroads or airlines) and the benefits of regulation fall upon a diffuse group (e.g., consumers). Government policing is self-regulatory if it polices behavior to the benefit of the group whose behavior is policed. Contained within the Treasure Act 1996, "treasure" is currently defined as "any object" which is "at . "Majoritarian politics," in which the mobilization of popular opinion is likely to play an important role, governs passage of such legislation. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. 8902). It is hard to generalize about findings from empirical studies of regulation. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Strictly speaking, deregulation moves institutional governance toward self-governed markets. A form of government that controls all aspects of the political and social life of a nation. Deteriorating economic conditions weakened the economic and political power of organized labor, a major supporter of occupational safety and health legislation. They may often seem onerous to small business owners, but there are benefits as well. Derthick and Quirk (1985) push the role played by these experts further back in time, albeit noting that the earliest promoters of regulatory reform would never have anticipated the successful political movement for which they helped paved the way. : MIT Press. ." These agencies have been delegated legislative power to create and apply the rules, or "regulations". the control of economic activities by the government or some other regulatory body, for example, an industry trade association. It also includes studies of deregulation and reregulation (e.g., Derthick and Quirk 1985; Streeck 1998; Szasz 1986; Vogel 1996). Is regulation generally a good idea, as the positive correlation between its growth and the growth of income seems to indicate, or has it been an Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Administrative agencies, often called "the bureaucracy," perform a number of different government functions, including rule making. The rules issued by these agencies are called regulations and are designed to guide the activity of those regulated by the agency and also the activity of the agency's employees. definition of regulation as "the sustained and focused attempt to alter the behaviour of others according to defined standards and purposes with the intention of producing a broadly identified Cambridge, Mass. Regulation has provided a way for the Commission to expand its role in spite of tight EC budgets and the serious political-institutional constraints embedded in the EC's legal framework, at the same time as EC member states have been willing to delegate to a supranational authority because agreements among the EC national governments had low credibility (Majone 1994). But according to Vogel (1996), much scholarship is remiss in equating deregulation with any kind of liberalization or pro-competitive regulatory reform (see, e.g., Derthick and Quirk 1985). . I think we can get around this problem by arguing that free markets are in fact highly regulated and that government-"regulated" markets often lack any meaningful regulation. Leibfried, Stephan 1992 "Towards a European Welfare State? On the other hand, the broadest definitions conceive of regulation as government action affecting private businesses or citizens. ASSISTED LIVING American Journal of Sociology 96:12011225. Game-theoretic models of regulatory enforcement developed in this theory indicate ample opportunity for the capture of the regulators by regulated parties (Ayres and Braithwaite 1989). While heavily relied upon to promote deregulation and pro-competitive regulatory reform, economic analysis also can be mobilized to promote more stringent regulation and diverse types of reregulation (e.g., Rose-Ackerman 1992; Stryker 1989). Social Problems 37:206229. When both costs and benefits are narrowly concentrated, both sides have strong incentives to organize and exert influence, so "interest group politics" results. In R. Boyer and D. Drache, eds., States Against Markets: The Limits ofGlobalization. Regulation definition: Regulations are rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way. There are four types of markets: perfectly competitive markets, monopolistically competitive markets . Other theoretical perspectives used by sociologists to study regulation include various forms of neo-marxist political economy or class theory (see Levine 1988; Steinmetz 1997; Yeager 1990) and the political-institutionalist view developed by Theda Skocpol and others (Skocpol 1992; Weir et al. tion reg-y-l-shn 1 : the act of regulating : the state of being regulated 2 a : a rule or order telling how something is to be done safety regulations in a factory b : a rule or order having the force of law regulation 2 of 2 adjective : being in agreement with regulations a regulation baseball Medical Definition regulation noun The goals of the regulation are to detect and correct. Ideally, further juxtaposition of abstract theory and concrete historical and comparative research, both qualitative and quantitative, can lead to integrated theories of regulatory origins, processes, and impact. 1 a : to govern or direct according to rule b (1) : to bring under the control of law or constituted authority (2) : to make regulations for or concerning regulate the industries of a country 2 : to bring order, method, or uniformity to regulate one's habits 3 : to fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of regulate the pressure of a tire In the Government, certain administrative agencies have a narrow authority to control conduct, within their areas of responsibility. . Because of the nature of the legal system in the United States, regulation U.S.-style tends to involve issuing and applying legal rules (Sabatier 1975, p. 307). As the title of Vogel's book suggests, then, the price of "freer markets" is "more rules" (Vogel 1996; see also, e.g., Majone 1994; Streeck 1998). These are subsidies, taxes and regulations. For example, the U.S. Tax Code and the rules the IRS publishes regulate federal taxation in the United States. A Regulation is an official rule. Whether the regulatory policies of the U.S. Congress reflect any given economic interest depends on the distribution of that interest across congressional districts, the location of members of Congress who support that interest on particular committees with particular prerogatives and jurisdictions, and the rules of the congressional game. and to the interpretation of all by-laws, rules, regulations or orders made under the authority of any such law, unless there is something in the language or context of the law, by-law, rule, regulation or order repugnant to such provisions or unless the contrary intention appears therein. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. SKIP TO CONTENT Mitnick (1980) and Moe (1987) provide detailed exposition and evaluation of a large range of these positive theories. Congress, however, retains primary control over the organization of the bureaucracy, including the power to create and eliminate agencies and confirm presidential nominations for staffing the agencies. "Government Regulation Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. American Journal of Sociology 103:633691. Between 19671987, for example, even before the Single European Act recognized EC authority to legislate to protect the environment, there were close to "200 environmental directives, regulations and decisions made by the European Commission" (Majone 1994, p. 85). European Welfare State. political and social life of a nation, a major supporter of occupational safety health. 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