Both were present at the Battle of Ia Drang, the first large-scale engagement of the Vietnam War. Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History. Vietnam War, (195475), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. 80 lessons The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. [32] and studies have shown higher rates of casualties, health effects, and next-generation birth defects in Vietnamese peoples. Calculating U.S. Estimates of the total number of deaths in the Vietnam War vary widely. Operation Rolling Thunder History & Facts | What Was Operation Rolling Thunder? These deaths made up about 40% of the total casualties. To arrive at the casualty figure of 215, the Regimental Historian (Lt. Wm. We do not sell any of the items showcased on this site. The "patrol boat: riverine," or Navy PBR, was the first watercraft built for the so-called brown water navy in Vietnam. California (5,572 Estimated Casualties). 3% were Asian, 7 or . This article displays the highest percentage of casualties among American units, including those wiped out as an effective force. ; 1972 Easter Offensive - This saw 50,000 to 75,000 North Vietnamese combatants . In the United States, the Vietnam War became known as one of the most unpopular wars that the nation had ever been involved in. From refugee camps in Southeast Asia, the great majority of boat people were resettled in more developed countries. The number of casualties is simply the number of members of a unit who are not available for duty. [62], According to American writer Joseph Babcock, the Vietnamese government estimated 300,000 PAVN/VC missing-in-action (MIA) in 2019, but that the real number of MIA is widely believed to be closer to 500,000 people, whose bodies were either never found or buried anonymously and never identified. Discover the countries that took part in the Vietnam war and how many people died in the Vietnam war. The Vietnam War officially came to an end in 1975 when South Vietnam surrendered to North Vietnam, unable to maintain the fight. The war cost the United States over $120 billion and the lives of over 58,000 troops. North Vietnam and the United States reached a peace agreement shortly after withdrawal. For this figure, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported enemy killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of the VC and PAVN military forces was probably closer to 444,000. The film follows the experiences of both Moore, portrayed by Mel Gibson, and his wife, Julia, played by Madeleine Stowe. Sometimes, the casualty rate is disproportionately high. Index of Vietnam War Casualties by Unit of Assignment. Civilian deaths are still ongoing because of the use of unexploded ordnances left behind from the war. Of the 4953 Navy and Air Force casualties, both officer and enlisted, 4, 736 or 96% were white. Those totals include only Vietnamese deaths, and do not include American and other allied military deaths which amounted to about 64,000. (L Company Ranger 75th Infantry Archives) At only 17 years old, B.C.'s . [79], The total number of American personnel who were KIA or died non-hostile deaths, were enlisted personnel with a casualty number of 50,441. 7,484 women served in Vietnam, of whom 6,250 or 83.5% were nurses. combat, provided close combat support or were at least fairly regularly. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The boat people's first destinations were the Southeast Asian locations of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. By Spencer C. Tucker ", Viet Cong and Peoples Army of Vietnam use of terror in the Vietnam War, Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam, United Nations High Commission for Refugees, Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate", http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/datasets/ucdp_prio_armed_conflict_dataset/, http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a032189.pdf, Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century, Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century. According to a 2009 study, one third of land in the central provinces of Vietnam is still contaminated with unexploded mines and ordnance. In October 1966, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara initiated Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year. Despite the loss of members of the unit on that day and one later in the week, Don praised the unit's overall performance. These statistics were sourced from the appendix of On the offensive: the Australian Army in the Vietnam War 1967-1968. but not without Marine and U.S. Air Force casualties. The Coffelt Database available on this website is updated almost every night at 3 AM. The first American soldier died in the Vietnam War was Richard B. Fitzgibbon, Jr., a U.S. Air Force Technical Sergeant. It granted him broad latitude in handling the struggle against communism in Southeast Asia. How to Order a Draft Record. These are the most accurate estimates of the death tolls for each group of fighters: Civilians made up a large portion of the casualties in the Vietnam War. However, from a constitutional perspective, this conflict did not technically count as a war. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 North Vietnamese troops launched the Tet Offensive in January 1968, which was successful against South Vietnam and the U.S. In 1995 Vietnam . U.S. Marines in Vietnam, 1967, Fighting the North Vietnamese, 1984 . Estimates for PAVN deaths in the Easter Offensive alone vary from 40,000 to 100,000 in western sources. Though North Vietnam lost, it won a major psychological victory. I had just returned from Iraq and was working with Vietnam veterans who'd served in . Although North Vietnamese and Viet Cong casualty counts vary wildly, it is generally understood that they suffered several times the number of American casualties. November 19, 1967 was one of the bloodiest days for American troops in the Vietnam War. For more information see Vietnam War casualties and Aircraft losses of the Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos . Two further massacres were reported by soldiers who had taken part in them, one north of c Pho in, 426 killed in action, 74 died of other causes, 6 missing in action (all accounted for and repatriated), This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 15:26. In 1980 Richard set out to determine the unit of assignment for each Army soldier who died in Vietnam. The Vietnam War is one of the most unpopular wars in American history. History is not a fixed set of facts. More than 58,000 American casualties of the Vietnam War are commemorated on the Vietnam Wall in Washington, DC. flashcard sets. On February 26, 2007, President George W. Bush presented Crandall with the Medal of Honor for . succeed. "The Vietnam Wars." Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. According to the Vietnamese government, unexploded ordnance has killed some 42,000 people since the end of the war. The Virtual Wall uses the Coffelt Database (CDB) for unit assignment information. Omissions? Memorial pages honoring Vietnam War casualties, listed by their last names. Those who argue that the United States won the war point to the fact that the U.S. defeated communist forces during most of Vietnams major battles. The exact breakdown still remains unclear, although an estimated 273,000 Cambodians and 62,000 Lao lost their lives. For details of the total number of Australians who died during the Vietnam War, 1962- 1975, please refer to Deaths as a result of service with Australian units.. Statistics: Total Australian service casualties in the Vietnam War, 1962-72 [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. My Lai (4) and My Khe (4) (collectively the My Lai Massacre) claimed the largest number of victims with 420 and 90 respectively, and in five other places a total of about 100 civilians were executed. Many movements on the home front arose in the early 1970s to end the war, which sped the process of withdrawing troops along. WIA. Lewy reduced the number of Viet Cong (VC) and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) battle deaths claimed by the U.S. by 30 percent (in accordance with the opinion of United States Department of Defense officials), and assumed that one third of the reported battle deaths of the PAVN/VC may have actually been civilians. * During January 1973, 29 Americans died in Vietnam--19 as a result of hostile action. 49. On that panel, above the names is this inscription: In honor of the men and women of the armed forces of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. The dates of death . About 2 million Vietnamese civilians were killed in the fighting. These alphabetical indexes are for your convenience but do not represent the order of names on the Wall. * From 1956-1964, 417Americans died in Vietnam. Not all of these were military personnel; nearly half of the deaths of the Vietnam War were the deaths of civilians caught in the fighting. As of 2014, 221 Virginian deaths have been identified. The United States lost 58,220 known military personnel. A Korean War era soldier and later an attorney in Hays, Kansas, Richard became aware that the government had not made public a central source of information regarding the servicemen and women who died as a result of service in Vietnam. The most prominent of these events were the Hu Massacre and the M Lai Massacre. Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. Vietnam's government claimed that 400,000 people were killed or maimed as a result of after effects, and that 500,000 children were born with birth defects. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Vietnam War Almanac: An In-Depth Guide to the Most Controversial Conflict in American History. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. These numbers do not include civilian and ARVN military deaths result from the communist mass-internment, the refugee crisis and subsequent exodus of Vietnamese people after the Fall of Saigon. Veterans were viewed negatively for their participation in the war, even if it was not by their choice to do so. The Vietnam War was fought in Vietnamese territory between mainly South Vietnam/the United States and the Viet Cong of North Vietnam. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Two major war memorials commemorating the dead soldiers in the Second Indochina War (a.k.a. This led to increased racial tension in the military. Fighting continued on a lesser scale for some time afterwards and refugee numbers rose sharply due to the continued conflict, but the development of a strong trading market in the 80s helped the nation become more unified. The Vietnam Conflict Extract Data File of the Defense Casualty Analysis System (DCAS) Extract Files contains records of 58,220 U.S. military fatal casualties of the Vietnam War. The earliest casualty record contains a date of death of . Lochren) subtracted the muster figures (262-47=215)(82.1%) and asserted that "[every one of the] 215 [missing men] lay upon the field. The government of Vietnam says that 4 million of its citizens were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as 3 million have suffered illnesses because of it; these figures include the children of people who were exposed. The Army instigated myriad reforms, addressed issues of discrimination and prejudice from the post exchanges to the lack of black officers, and introduced "Mandatory Watch And Action Committees" into each unit. This list is organized in alphabetical order, and can be used to determine the place on the Vietnam Memorial where an individual's name can be found - the panel and line number to the right of the name. In 1975 South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North. Da Nang was the primary storage site of the chemical. Pentagon statistics listed 39,000 and 61,000 PRG/DRV dead for the same time period.". Two other cleanup sites being reviewed by the United States and Vietnam are Bin Ha Air Base, in the southern province of ng Naia 'hotspot' for dioxinand Ph Ct Air Base in Bnh nh Province, according to U.S. A Korean War era soldier and later an attorney in Hays, Kansas, Richard became aware that the government had not made public a central source of information regarding the servicemen and women who died as a result of service in Vietnam. 69th Armor Page: Ray's Home Page: E-Mail Me: Note: NVA casualty data was provided by North Vietnam in a press release to Agence France Presse (AFP) on April 3, 1995, on the 20th anniversary of the end of the Vietnam War. Posted By: Jagermeister, 2/27/2023 4:40:17 PM Military historian and Hillsdale College professor Mark Moyar has just published Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965-1968, which is the second in what will become a massive three-volume revision of the entire Vietnam War. Of these, more than 13,000 were killed and 88,000 wounded, nearly a . Combat Area Casualties Dataset. [19] Rummel's mid-level estimate includes 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC. The killed in action figure comes from "Special Subject 4: The Work of Locating and Recovering the Remains of Martyrs From Now Until 2020 And Later Years," downloaded from the Vietnamese government website datafile on 1 December 2017. Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent. Please direct all other inquiries to militaryfactory AT gmail.com. [91] Around 3035% of American deaths in the war were non-combat or friendly fire deaths; the largest causes of death in the U.S. armed forces were small arms fire (31.8%), booby traps including mines and frags (27.4%), and aircraft crashes (14.7%). [48] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Bnh Ha massacre. Army Huey's totaled 9,713,762 flight hours in Vietnam between October 1966 and the end of American involvement in early 1973. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. U.S. Army Personnel and Dependent Casualties, 1961-1981 85% of the records in this database are related to the Vietnam Conflict. The Vietnam War was a costly conflict between all sides from both a financial and military perspective. "[56] Another Marine commander, Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr., added, "we had a big problem with atrocities attributed to them, which I sent on down to Saigon. Neighbouring Laos and Cambodia similarly fell to communists. As before, emphasis was placed on obtaining hard documentation, a task made easier as material became available on the Internet from governmental and private organizations. Learn about Vietnam war statistics and casualties. [62] Across all three wars including the First Indochina War and the Third Indochina War there was a total of 1,146,250 PAVN/VC confirmed military deaths, included 939,460 with bodies recovered and 207,000 with the bodies unfound. Another potential limitation is the relatively small sample size of the study. Unit Best Practice Resources Sample Unit LDP Orders Leadership Toolkits . The Viet Cong used the jungle terrain to their advantage both as a means of hiding, as well as a place to bury pressure-sensor explosives to wipe out unsuspecting bands of patrolling enemy forces. [75], The PAVN/VC forces suffered around 600,000 wounded during the war,[76] and prior to the 1975 spring offensive, lost at least 26,880 soldiers taken prisoner - being released after the 1973 Peace Accords. 13,091. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Refighting the Vietnam War. Lebanon (1982-1984) 240. Shelby L. Stanton, 'The Rise and Fall of an American Army,' Spa Books, 1989, xvi. Shelby Stanton, writing in The Rise and Fall of an American Army, declined to include casualty statistics because of their 'general unreliability.' The war was fought on Vietnamese land, in addition to the territories of Cambodia and Laos. Vietnamese soldiers and an unknown number of civilian casualties in South and North Vietnam (Browne 1994: 1). 1. American Foreign Policy in the First Indochina War. Relations between the United States and Vietnam were stable in the aftermath of the Vietnam War, and peace was maintained. The United States had provided funding, armaments, and training to South Vietnams government and military since Vietnams partition into the communist North and the democratic South in 1954. Over 58,000 American lives were lost in the fighting. This series contains records of U.S. military officers and soldiers who died as a result of either a hostile or nonhostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North . It was first used in 1962 and was effective at its job. An estimated two million civilians of all nationalities, including those of Cambodia and Laos, were killed in the fighting. [65], According to the Vietnamese government's official history, one of the deadliest years was 1972, where they lost over 100,000 casualties. In 1968 US soldiers murdered several hundred Vietnamese civilians in the single . WWII POWs; WWII Enlistments; Japan POWs; Korean War Casualties; Displaying 1 - 20 . The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial and ground fighting. Ho Chi Minh created the Viet Cong as a resistance force to French democracy. [95][98] As a result, by the war's completion, total black casualties averaged 12.5% of US combat deaths, approximately equal to percentage of draft-eligible black men, though still slightly higher than the 10% who served in the military. troops. That can include disabled by injuries, disabled by psychological trauma, captured, deserted, or missing. This totals, from a range of between 16,000 and 167,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam during the (Dim-era), and 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam in the post Dim-era), excluding PAVN forces killed by the ARVN in combat. Many black men who had previously been ineligible could now be drafted, along with many poor and racially intolerant white men from the southern states. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. A South Vietnamese plane seeking Vietcong hiding places accidentally dropped its flaming napalm on civilians and government troops instead. She has an M.S.Ed. Written requests should be mailed to: National Personnel Records Center, 9700 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132-5100. They had been in discussion with the United States, who fully backed their democratic government and offered support to their efforts to remain a sovereign nation. An estimate by the Department of Defense after the war gave a figure of 1.2 million civilian casualties, including 195,000 deaths. [66][67] After the U.S.'s withdrawal from the conflict, the Pentagon estimated PAVN/VC deaths at 39,000 in 1973 and 61,000 in 1974. The study's authors stated that methodological limitations of the study include imbalance between rural and urban areas and the potential exclusion of high mortality areas. Johnson raised the number of South Vietnam deployments to 23,000 U.S. soldiers by the end of his first year in office. A mass exodus in 1975 of people loyal to the South Vietnamese cause was followed by another wave in 1978 of boat people, refugees fleeing the economic restructuring imposed by the communist regime. 11,465 of those killed were younger than 20 years old. [15][16][17] Walter Mead estimates that approximately 365,000 Vietnamese civilians to have died as a result of the war during the period of American involvement. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Vietnamese newspaper Nhn Dn reported in 2012 that the U.S. government was providing $41 million to the project, which aimed to reduce the contamination level in 73,000 m of soil by late 2016. Grand total of war deaths: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (1954-75) 1,450,000: 2,450,000: 3,595,000: Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War . More than 58,000 American casualties of the Vietnam War are commemorated on the Vietnam Wall in Washington, DC. * The last U.S. infantry unit was pulled from the field on Aug. 11, 1972, so U.S. casualties dramatically declined. Colonial France inhabited Vietnam through the end of World War II. During the height of the conflict, Navy personnel scouted the rivers and canals of the sprawling Mekong Delta for communist guerrilla forces, arms, and ammunition. Others now continue the work Richard began 30 years ago. He received his B.A. 151. Of the 2.6 million, between 1 and 1.6 million (40-60%) either fought in. Estimates include both civilian and military deaths in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. This is also the main reason that soldiers in Vietnam saw more action than those soldiers of preceding wars. The number of these "boat people" leaving Vietnam and arriving safely in another country totalled almost 800,000 between 1975 and 1995. [36][37][38][39] The My Lai Massacre was initially written off as an operational success and covered up. [53][54] A separate study was carried out by RAND Corporation employee Terry Rambo, who conducted interviews in 1970 on reported Korean atrocities in ARVN/civilian areas. More than 8.7 million Americans served on active duty during the Vietnam period (Nov 1, 1955 to May 15, 1975). The Coffelt Database is an intellectual property with copyrights held by the Coffelt Group and other contributing organizations. During warfare, some units take more casualties than other units. Between October 1966 and June 1969, 246,000 soldiers were recruited through Project 100,000, of whom 41% were black; black people only made up about 11% of the population of the US. American Greatness, by Victor Davis Hanson Original Article. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. "UCDP/Prio Armed Conflict Database", Uppsala University, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRummel1997 (. [4] He succeeded in 1954 and established a Communist government. This Vietnam War Covert Special Ops Unit Is The Deadliest You Never Heard Of. The Geneva conference established a treaty that split the nation of Vietnam in half for the time being, with reunification elections set to be held in 1956. Deaths in Cambodia and Laos were estimated at 273,000 and 62,000 respectively. Panama . Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, gives a 1513 reference for military casualty, and an 1844 reference for civilian use. I feel like its a lifeline. 58,220. (The estimates for 195564 are much higher than other estimates). ^ 1st Cavalry Division was the unit with most casualties suffered during the Vietnam War with 32,036; including 5,444 KIA and 26,592 wounded. 38,179 total casualties (KIA and wounded) The 1st Cavalry Division lost the most men, from Aug 1965 to Aug 1972 they had 5,444 KIA, with 26,592 wounded. The Viet Cong amassed an estimated 2.3 million troops by 1975. In 1995 Vietnam released its official estimate of the number of people killed during the Vietnam War: as many as 2,000,000 civilians on both sides and some 1,100,000 North Vietnamese and Viet Cong fighters. 13 chapters | Vietnam War, Awards and Decorations of Honor, 1965-1972. 1968 Tet Offensive - Hanoi failed in its most ambitious goal of producing a general uprising in the South, it suffered more than 45,267 (mainly Viet Cong) deaths but gained a propaganda, political and strategic victory. [50][51] South Korean Marines reportedly perpetrated the H My massacre on 25 February 1968. According to the Department of Veterans Affairs, we are losing an estimated 500 Vietnam veterans every day. Create your account. AIR FORCE * Regarding killed in action the 2nd Infantry Division was the unit with the highest ratio with 7,094 KIA and 16,575 wounded. 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